The Potential Applications of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ Ligands in Assisted Reproductive Technology

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta, also known as PPARbeta) has ubiquitous distribution and extensive biological functions. The reproductive function of PPARdelta was first revealed in the uterus at the implantation site. Since then, PPARdelta and its ligand have been discovered in all reproductive tissues, including the gametes and the preimplantation embryos. PPARdelta in preimplantation embryos is normally activated by oviduct-derived PPARdelta ligand. PPARdelta activation is associated with an increase in embryonic cell proliferation and a decrease in programmed cell death (apoptosis). On the other hand, the role of PPARdelta and its ligand in gamete formation and function is less well understood. This review will summarize the reproductive functions of PPARdelta and project its potential applications in assisted reproductive technology.